The output to this program lists (1) planet name, (2) semi-major axis (i.e., time-averaged mean distance to Sun), (3) impact speed caused by revolution (calculated at Perihelion and Aphelion), (4) impact speed caused by gravity (calculated at Perihelion and Aphelion), (5) minumum impact speed (gravity minus revolution speed at Perihelion and Aphelion), and (6) maximum impact speed (sum of revolution and gravity-induced speeds at Perihelion and Aphelion). All speeds are in km/sec. The distance to the Sun is given in Astronomical Units (AU; 1 AU = 1.495E11 m). The last table is a summary of minimum and maximum impact speeds and includes escape velocity and time-averaged mean revolution speeds for each planet. PERIHELION: PLANET R(AU) REV(KM/S) GRAV(KM/S) MIN(KM/S) MAX(KM/S) ------------------------------------------------------------- MERCURY 0.39 59.1 76.2 17.1 135.2 VENUS 0.72 35.3 50.8 15.5 86.1 EARTH 1.00 30.3 44.0 13.7 74.3 MARS 1.52 26.5 36.2 9.7 62.7 JUPITER 5.20 13.7 62.6 48.9 76.3 SATURN 9.54 10.2 38.2 28.0 48.4 URANUS 19.18 7.1 23.5 16.3 30.6 NEPTUNE 30.06 5.5 24.7 19.2 30.2 PLUTO 39.53 6.1 7.8 1.7 13.9 APHELION: PLANET R(AU) REV(KM/S) GRAV(KM/S) MIN(KM/S) MAX(KM/S) ------------------------------------------------------------- MERCURY 0.39 38.9 61.9 23.0 100.7 VENUS 0.72 34.8 50.5 15.7 85.3 EARTH 1.00 29.3 43.3 14.0 72.6 MARS 1.52 22.0 33.1 11.1 55.1 JUPITER 5.20 12.5 62.3 49.9 74.8 SATURN 9.54 9.1 37.9 28.8 47.0 URANUS 19.18 6.5 23.3 16.8 29.8 NEPTUNE 30.06 5.4 24.7 19.3 30.1 PLUTO 39.53 3.7 6.1 2.4 9.8 SUMMARY (REV is average revolution speed and VESC is planetary escape velocity): PLANET R(AU) REV(KM/S) VESC(KM/S) MIN(KM/S) MAX(KM/S) ------------------------------------------------------------- MERCURY 0.39 47.9 4.3 17.1 135.2 VENUS 0.72 35.1 10.4 15.5 86.1 EARTH 1.00 29.8 11.2 13.7 74.3 MARS 1.52 24.1 5.0 9.7 62.7 JUPITER 5.20 13.1 59.7 48.9 76.3 SATURN 9.54 9.7 35.5 28.0 48.4 URANUS 19.18 6.8 21.3 16.3 30.6 NEPTUNE 30.06 5.4 23.5 19.2 30.2 PLUTO 39.53 4.7 1.2 1.7 13.9 (NOTE: The calculated comet (asteroid, etc.) impact speeds for each planet in these tables include gravitational perturbations from the other eight planets.)